ECHO/ DOPPLER CARDIOGRAPHY
A diagnostic Study that reveals information about:
The structure and function of the heart

Cardiac hemodynamics of the heart
THEORY AND TECHNIQUE CONT’D:
Utilizing the technique of doppler with ultrasound allows the ability to quantitate the direction and velocity of objects
APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE:
M mode echo
2 DIMENSIONAL ECHO:
Tran thoracic Echo- transducer directly on the chest wall
Transesophageal Echo- probe placed into the esophagus and stomach
Stress echocardiography- Tran thoracic echo at rest and post stress or exercise
APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE:
Doppler can be viewed as:
Continuous wave- continuous transmission of signal with 2nd transducer available to receive the signal
Pulsed Doppler- same probe transmits, waits an the receives
Color flow- vectors directions given colors, usually blue if flow is away from transducer and red if goes toward the transducer.
THIS TECHNIQUE ALLOWS THE EVALUATION OF:
Cardiac Chambers- size and motion or function
The thickness of the walls of the heart
Abnormal Objects in the heart: tumors or masses
Valvular structure (size and shape)
Valvular function (thickness, stenosis, or leakage)
Blood flow- hemodynamics
Other pathologies- fluid: pericardial effusion
THIS TECHNIQUE ALLOWS THE EVALUATION OF:
Other objects- vegetations etc.
Mechanical valves
Pacemaker wires



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